WASHINGTON – Ahead of Guatemala’s elections on Sunday, June 16, U.S. Senators Ben Cardin (D-Md.), Dick Durbin (D-Ill.), Patrick Leahy (D-Vt.), Sherrod Brown (D-Ohio), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), Tim Kaine (D-Va.), and Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.) today introduced a resolution expressing support for free, fair, and transparent elections in Guatemala.  The resolution also expresses concern over efforts to undermine United Nations anti-corruption efforts in Guatemala and opposition to President Donald Trump cutting off U.S. assistance to the region.

“We support the people of Guatemala and their right to free and fair elections and right to choose accountable leaders who promote good governance, fight corruption, and reduce violence.  Despite counterproductive measures taken by the Trump Administration, Congress remains committed to encouraging the type of stability and economic opportunity that will enable Guatemalans to stay and strengthen their country rather than risk everything to seek asylum in the U.S.,” said Cardin.

“Violence, corruption, human rights abuses, and widespread poverty in Guatemala directly contribute to the outflow of refugees and families seeking asylum at our southern border.  Therefore, it is crucial that the next President of Guatemala commit to addressing the underlying conditions of poverty in the country,” Durbin said.  “The Trump Administration’s decision to reprogram U.S. assistance to Guatemala was short-sighted and undermined such efforts, but today’s resolution reaffirms the U.S. Senate’s support for the people of Guatemala as they prepare to exercise their fundamental democratic right to vote and encourages all Guatemalan political actors and institutions to take continued steps to uphold a free, fair, and transparent electoral process.  It is in the best interest of both Americans and Guatemalans.”

“The people of Guatemala deserve a government that is dedicated to ending the corruption, violence, poverty, and impunity that have become synonymous with that country.  President Morales pledged to root out corruption, but instead he and his cronies obstructed those who sought to strengthen the rule of law, and a key anti-corruption candidate for the presidency was barred from the race.  This sorry state of affairs is compounded by President Trump’s uninformed, illogical and self-defeatist decision to halt U.S. aid to Guatemala that Congress appropriated to help address the causes of migration.  Guatemala’s next President will need to quickly earn the support of the United States in fighting corruption, inequality and injustice in order for relations between our two countries to advance,” Leahy said.   

“I stand with all Guatemalans as they exercise their basic right in the upcoming election this weekend and urge all political candidates and parties to hold free and fair elections.  Instead of cutting assistance which promotes rule of law and economic development in Guatemala and other Northern Triangle countries, we should be working with the new president of Guatemala to promote human rights, combat corruption, and eliminate poverty,” said Brown.

Full text of the resolution is available here and below in both English and Spanish:

Title:  Expressing support for free, fair, and transparent elections in the Republic of Guatemala in order to increase prosperity, security, and access to justice for all Guatemalans.

Whereas Guatemala will hold general elections on June 16, 2019, and more than 7,600,000 Guatemalans are registered to vote for their next president, vice president, congressional representatives, and more than 300 mayors around the country;

Whereas, in the process leading up to the elections in Guatemala, there have been a series of troubling developments related to presidential candidates, with 6 of the 24 candidates facing allegations related to illicit activities, and at least 4 candidates having been excluded from the race;

Whereas, on April 17, 2019, Mario Estrada, a Guatemalan presidential candidate with the center-right National Change Union political party, was arrested in the United States and charged by the Department of Justice with conspiring to import cocaine into the United States, soliciting millions of dollars from the Sinaloa Drug Cartel, and other firearms offenses;

Whereas the case of Mario Estrada highlights the existence of linkages between certain Guatemalan political actors and transnational criminal organizations, and the manner in which such criminal organizations have sought to influence the Guatemalan political system;

Whereas, on May 15, 2019, a Guatemalan court issued a politically motivated ruling that Thelma Aldana—Guatemala’s former Attorney General who led efforts to tackle corruption in Guatemala—was ineligible to run in Guatemala’s presidential election;

Whereas, according to Guatemalan media, approximately 150 candidates running for a seat in Guatemala’s legislature have been cited with irregularities, including having received suspicious government contracts, not meeting electoral requirements, and possible linkages to narcotics trafficking;

Whereas Guatemala has a long history of debilitating corruption due to the pervasive influence of narcotics trafficking and organized crime, with the Department of State estimating earlier this decade that as much as 80 percent of the cocaine that eventually reached the United States had passed through Guatemala;

Whereas Guatemala’s endemic corruption and criminality led to the 2006 agreement that established the United Nations International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG) as an independent body tasked with working with the Public Ministry to combat corruption, organized crime, and institutional impunity;

Whereas the United States Government provided considerable funding and political support for CICIG during both Republican and Democratic administrations, yet the Trump Administration has been notably silent on President Morales’ efforts to undermine CICIG;

Whereas a May 2019 report to Congress by the Department of State report stated that Guatemala, with the support of CICIG since 2007, previously took steps “to root out clandestine networks of corrupt actors, including the uncovering of a massive corruption scheme in 2015 led by former President Perez-Molina and former Vice President Baldetti”;

Whereas the May 2019 report also noted setbacks to Guatemala’s fight against corruption and stated that “since announcing in 2018 it would not renew the [CICIG’s] mandate, the Guatemalan Government has impeded anti-corruption efforts, attacked judicial independence, and misused U.S.-donated equipment”;

Whereas setbacks to the fight against corruption weaken the rule of law and democratic governance in Guatemala;

Whereas weak rule of law, violence, corruption, human rights abuses, impunity, and failure to take effective actions to ameliorate widespread poverty in Guatemala contribute to the outflow of refugees and migrants towards the United States, including the more than 165,000 Guatemalan nationals who have been apprehended on the United States-Mexico border during the current fiscal year alone;

Whereas it is in the strategic interest of the United States to support free, fair, and transparent elections and encourage continued efforts to strengthen the rule of law and democratic governance in Guatemala; and

Whereas the Trump Administration announced in March 2019 that it will reprogram United States assistance for Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, thereby undermining the ability of the United States Government to address challenges to security, the rule of law, and economic development in the Northern Triangle of Central America: Now, therefore, be it

Resolved, That the Senate—

(1) supports the people of Guatemala as they prepare to exercise their fundamental democratic right to vote in their country’s upcoming June 16, 2019, general elections;

(2) encourages all Guatemalan political actors and institutions to take continued steps to uphold a free, fair, and transparent electoral process;

(3) expresses grave concerns about—

(A) the involvement of certain Guatemalan presidential candidates in illicit activities;

(B) efforts by international criminal organizations to influence the Guatemalan political system;

(C) the politically motivated disqualification of certain competitive, independent candidates in order to restrict the choices available to the people of Guatemala; and

(D) ongoing evidence of corruption of officials that permitted an estimated 1400 metric tons of cocaine to pass through Guatemala destined for the United States last year;

(4) encourages Guatemalan presidential candidates to commit to taking strong and sustained action following the election to strengthen the rule of law, combat corruption and impunity, and address human rights abuses and the underlying conditions of poverty in the country;

(5) urges the next president of Guatemala to take effective steps to strengthen the rule of law, address the influence of criminal organizations and drug cartels on Guatemala’s political system, and combat corruption and impunity, including by reestablishing the mandate of the United Nations International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG);

(6) condemns the efforts of President of Guatemala Jimmy Morales to expel and undermine CICIG;

(7) expresses dismay about the Trump Administration’s failure to demonstrate America’s commitment to democracy, human rights, and the rule of law in Guatemala; and

(8) opposes the Trump Administration’s decision to reprogram United States assistance to Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras.

Título: Expresando apoyo para elecciones libres, justas y transparentes en la República de Guatemala con el fin de aumentar la prosperidad, la seguridad y el acceso a la justicia para todos los guatemaltecos.

Considerando que, Guatemala celebrará elecciones generales el 16 de junio de 2019, y más de 7,600,000 guatemaltecos están registrados para votar por su próximo presidente, vicepresidente, representantes del Congreso y más de 300 alcaldes de todo el país;

Considerando que, en el curso del proceso electoral en Guatemala, ha habido una serie de desarrollos preocupantes relacionados con los candidatos presidenciales, con 6 de los 24 candidatos que enfrentan acusaciones relacionadas con actividades ilícitas, y al menos 4 candidatos han sido excluidos de la contienda electoral;

Considerando que, el 17 de abril de 2019, Mario Estrada—el candidato presidencial guatemalteco con el partido político de centro-derecha Unión del Cambio Nacional—fue arrestado en los Estados Unidos y acusado por el Departamento de Justicia de conspirar para importar cocaína a los Estados Unidos, solicitando millones de dólares del Cartel de la droga de Sinaloa y otros delitos relacionados con armas de fuego;

Considerando que, el caso de Mario Estrada destaca la existencia de vínculos entre ciertos actores políticos guatemaltecos con organizaciones criminales transnacionales, y la manera en que dichas organizaciones criminales han tratado de influir en el sistema político guatemalteco;

Considerando que, el 15 de mayo de 2019, una corte guatemalteca emitió una decisión motivada políticamente en la cual descalificó a Thelma Aldana—la ex Fiscal General de Guatemala que dirigió los esfuerzos para combatir la corrupción en Guatemala—para postularse en las elecciones presidenciales de Guatemala;

Considerando que, según los medios de comunicación guatemaltecos, aproximadamente 150 candidatos que se han postulado para un escaño en la legislatura de Guatemala han sido citados con irregularidades, incluyendo haber recibido contratos gubernamentales sospechosos, no haber cumplido con los requisitos electorales y posibles vínculos con el narcotráfico;

Considerando que, Guatemala tiene una larga historia de corrupción debido a la influencia del narcotráfico y el crimen organizado, tanto que el Departamento de Estado estimó a principios de esta década que hasta el 80 por ciento de la cocaína que finalmente llegó a los Estados Unidos había pasado a través de Guatemala;

Considerando que, la corrupción y la criminalidad endémicas de Guatemala llevaron al acuerdo de 2006 que estableció la Comisión Internacional contra la Impunidad en Guatemala (CICIG) como un organismo independiente encargado de trabajar con el Ministerio Público para combatir la corrupción, el crimen organizado y la impunidad institucional;

Considerando que, el gobierno de los Estados Unidos ha proporcionado considerable financiamiento y apoyo político a la CICIG durante las administraciones tanto republicana como demócrata, sin embargo la Administración de Trump ha guardado un silencio notable sobre los esfuerzos del Presidente Morales por socavar la CICIG;

Considerando que, un informe de mayo de 2019 al Congreso por parte del Departamento de Estado indicó que Guatemala, con el apoyo de la CICIG desde 2007, ha tomado medidas “para erradicar las redes clandestinas de actores corruptos, incluyendo el descubrimiento de un esquema de corrupción masiva en 2015 dirigido por el ex presidente Pérez Molina y la ex vicepresidente Baldetti ”;

Considerando que, el informe de mayo de 2019 también resaltó varios reveses en la lucha contra la corrupción en Guatemala y declaró que “desde que anunció en 2018 que no renovaría el mandato [de la CICIG], el Gobierno de Guatemala ha impedido esfuerzos contra la corrupción, ha atacado la independencia judicial y ha utilizado indebidamente la donación de equipo de Estados Unidos.”;

Considerando que los reveses en la lucha contra la corrupción debilitan el estado de derecho y la gobernabilidad democrática en Guatemala;

Considerando que, el débil estado de derecho, la violencia, la corrupción, los abusos de los derechos humanos, la impunidad y el hecho de no tomar medidas efectivas para mejorar la pobreza en Guatemala contribuyen a la salida de refugiados y migrantes hacia los Estados Unidos, incluidos los más de 165,000 ciudadanos guatemaltecos que han sido detenidos en la frontera de Estados Unidos y México solo durante este año fiscal;

Considerando que, es de interés estratégico para los Estados Unidos apoyar elecciones libres, justas y transparentes y alentar los esfuerzos continuos para fortalecer el estado de derecho y la gobernabilidad democrática en Guatemala; y

Considerando que, la Administración Trump anunció en marzo de 2019 que reprogramará la asistencia de los Estados Unidos para Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras, lo que socavará la capacidad del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos para enfrentar los desafíos a la seguridad, el estado de derecho y el desarrollo económico en el Triángulo Norte de América Central: ahora, por lo tanto, sea resuelto, que el Senado—

(1) apoya al pueblo de Guatemala en su preparación para ejercer su derecho democrático fundamental de votar en las próximas elecciones generales del 16 de junio de 2019 de su país;

(2) alienta a todos los actores e instituciones políticos guatemaltecos a tomar medidas continuas para defender un proceso electoral libre, justo y transparente;

(3) expresa una grave preocupación por:

(A) la participación de ciertos candidatos presidenciales guatemaltecos en actividades ilícitas;

(B) los esfuerzos de las organizaciones criminales internacionales para influir en el sistema político guatemalteco;

(C) la descalificación por motivos políticos de ciertos candidatos competitivos e independientes para restringir las opciones disponibles para el pueblo de Guatemala; y

(D) evidencia continua de corrupción de funcionarios que permitieron que aproximadamente 1400 toneladas métricas de cocaína pasaran por Guatemala con destino a los Estados Unidos el año pasado;

(4) alienta a los candidatos presidenciales guatemaltecos a comprometerse a tomar medidas firmes después de la elección para fortalecer el estado de derecho, combatir la corrupción y la impunidad, y abordar los abusos de los derechos humanos y las condiciones subyacentes de la pobreza en el país;

(5) insta al próximo presidente de Guatemala a tomar medidas efectivas para fortalecer el estado de derecho, abordar la influencia de las organizaciones criminales y los cárteles de la droga en el sistema político de Guatemala, y combatir la corrupción y la impunidad, incluso mediante el restablecimiento del mandato de las Naciones Unidas Internacional Comisión contra la Impunidad en Guatemala (CICIG);

(6) condena los esfuerzos del presidente de Guatemala, Jimmy Morales, por expulsar y socavar a la CICIG;

(7) expresa consternación por el hecho de que la Administración Trump no haya demostrado el compromiso de Estados Unidos con la democracia, los derechos humanos y el estado de derecho en Guatemala; y

(8) se opone a la decisión de la Administración Trump de reprogramar la asistencia de los Estados Unidos a Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras.

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